Weight:
The Sumatran rhino weighs 1000 - 2000 kg.
Habitat:
The Sumatran rhino can live in a wide variety
of habitats, from lowland rain forests and swamps
to mountain moss forests, where it can climb
steep slopes with agility. It has been reported
to prefer hilly areas near water, particularly
steep upper valleys with thick undergrowth,
as well as secondary forest where the upper
canopy is broken and the smaller shrubs and
vines on which it feeds are more numerous. Salt
licks are an important habitat requirement for
the Sumatran rhino. Each animal has a salt lick
in its home range.The Sumatran rhino occurs
in the Peninsular Malaysian Lowland & Montane
Forests, Sumatran Montane Forests, and Sumatran-Nicobar
Islands Lowland Forests.
Age to Maturity:
Females: 4 years.
Males: 7 years.
Gestaton Period:
475 days (captive)
Birth Rate:
The Sumatran rhino has one calf at a time.
Maximum Age:
A captive animal lived almost 33 years.
Diet:
The Sumatran rhino feeds mainly at night,
browsing on a wide variety of vegetation including
leaves, twigs, bark, fruit, smaller shrubs,
canes and vines, with a majority of the plant
species being characteristic of disturbed forest
or forest edge in some areas, and of primary
forest in other areas. Wild mangoes, bamboo
and figs are especially favored. It breaks down
saplings to feed on leaves and shoots. It is
fond of salt and visits salt licks.
Behavior:
The Sumatran rhino spends much of the day
in mud wallows. These wallows are usually created
by the animals, with the surrounding 10 - 35
m (33 - 115') kept clear. The wallows are thought
to help the rhino to avoid insect pests such
as horseflies. In some areas the Sumatran rhino
exhibits seasonal movements, staying in the
hills when the lowlands are flooded and descending
when the weather has become cool near the end
of the rains. It can climb steep hills well.
It can swim well and has been reported to swim
in the sea.
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